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Surah 44

Surah Ad-Dukhan (The Smoke)

الدخان

Also written: Dukhan

Surah Ad-Dukhan (الدخان) is surah 44 of the 114 surahs of the Quran. It has 59 ayahs, was revealed in Mecca (Meccan), and its name means “The Smoke”.

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Number
44
Ayahs
59
Revelation
Meccan
Meaning
The Smoke

Names, meaning and Meccan/Medinan classification as listed in the quran-json dataset.

About Surah Ad-Dukhan

Ad-Dukhan, “The Smoke”, is a short, forceful Meccan surah. It begins by saying the Quran was sent down on a blessed night in which every matter is decided, warns of a day when the sky brings a visible smoke, and recalls how Pharaoh’s people left behind their gardens and springs. It closes by contrasting the food of the sinful with the security of the righteous.

Main themes

  • The blessed night (44:3–6): most scholars identify it with Laylat al-Qadr in Ramadan (compare Surah Al-Qadr (97)); a minority view linking it to the middle of Sha’ban is generally regarded as weaker.
  • The smoke (44:10–16): people cry out for relief, are given a brief respite, and return to denial.
  • Pharaoh’s people (44:17–33): Moses asks to be given the servants of God, leaves by night and leaves the sea calm behind him. Neither heaven nor earth wept for the drowned (44:29).
  • Not created in play (44:38–42): the heavens and earth have a purpose, and the Day of Decision is the appointed time for all.
  • Two outcomes: the tree of zaqqum, boiling like molten metal (44:43–50), and the secure gardens and springs of the righteous (44:51–57).

What is the smoke?

Scholars have two well-known views. Ibn Mas’ud, in a report in Sahih al-Bukhari, explained it as the hunger that struck Quraysh when they rejected the Prophet, so that the sky seemed to them like smoke. Others, citing a hadith in Sahih Muslim that lists the smoke among the major signs before the Hour, understand it as an event still to come. Some combine the two.

Narrations promising specific rewards for reading Ad-Dukhan on Thursday or Friday night circulate widely, but many hadith scholars consider them weak. The surah ends by saying the Quran has been made easy in the Prophet’s tongue, and telling him to wait (44:58–59).

Frequently asked questions

How many verses are in Surah Ad-Dukhan?
59.
What is the blessed night in Surah Ad-Dukhan?
Most scholars say it is Laylat al-Qadr, the Night of Decree in Ramadan, when the Quran was sent down.
Is there an authentic virtue for reading Ad-Dukhan on Friday night?
Narrations about this exist, but many hadith scholars grade them as weak.
How many ayahs are in Surah Ad-Dukhan?
Surah Ad-Dukhan has 59 ayahs. It is surah number 44 in the Quran and is Meccan.
Can I read Surah Ad-Dukhan in English or save it as a PDF?
Yes. This page shows the Arabic text of every ayah with the Saheeh International English meaning under it. Use “Print / Save as PDF” for a clean printable copy that you can save as a PDF file from your browser.
Is Surah Ad-Dukhan the same as Surah Dukhan?
Yes. Dukhan and Ad-Dukhan are different English spellings of the same surah name, الدخان.

Summaries describe the surah’s content and commonly cited reports for general readers; they are not a tafsir or a religious ruling.

Making a video of Surah Ad-Dukhan

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Surah Ad-Dukhan in Arabic with English meaning

Arabic: Uthmani script from The Noble Qur'an Encyclopedia (quranenc.com), Uthmani script, via quran-json (CC-BY-SA 4.0), shown as in the verified dataset; open-tanween marks use the equivalent codepoints this font draws, as in the editor. English meaning: Saheeh International (tanzil.net). A translation conveys the meaning; it is not the Quran itself.

  1. حمٓ ۝١

    44:1Ha, Meem

  2. وَٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ٱلۡمُبِينِ ۝٢

    44:2By the clear Book

  3. إِنَّآ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُ فِي لَيۡلَةࣲ مُّبَٰرَكَةٍۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنذِرِينَ ۝٣

    44:3Indeed, We sent it down during a blessed night. Indeed, We were to warn [mankind]

  4. فِيهَا يُفۡرَقُ كُلُّ أَمۡرٍ حَكِيمٍ ۝٤

    44:4On that night is made distinct every precise matter

  5. أَمۡرࣰا مِّنۡ عِندِنَآۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُرۡسِلِينَ ۝٥

    44:5[Every] matter [proceeding] from Us. Indeed, We were to send [a messenger]

  6. رَحۡمَةࣰ مِّن رَّبِّكَۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ۝٦

    44:6As mercy from your Lord. Indeed, He is the Hearing, the Knowing

  7. رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَآۖ إِن كُنتُم مُّوقِنِينَ ۝٧

    44:7Lord of the heavens and the earth and that between them, if you would be certain

  8. لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ يُحۡيِۦ وَيُمِيتُۖ رَبُّكُمۡ وَرَبُّ ءَابَآئِكُمُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ۝٨

    44:8There is no deity except Him; He gives life and causes death. [He is] your Lord and the Lord of your first forefathers

  9. بَلۡ هُمۡ فِي شَكࣲّ يَلۡعَبُونَ ۝٩

    44:9But they are in doubt, amusing themselves

  10. فَٱرۡتَقِبۡ يَوۡمَ تَأۡتِي ٱلسَّمَآءُ بِدُخَانࣲ مُّبِينࣲ ۝١٠

    44:10Then watch for the Day when the sky will bring a visible smoke

  11. يَغۡشَى ٱلنَّاسَۖ هَٰذَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمࣱ ۝١١

    44:11Covering the people; this is a painful torment

  12. رَّبَّنَا ٱكۡشِفۡ عَنَّا ٱلۡعَذَابَ إِنَّا مُؤۡمِنُونَ ۝١٢

    44:12[They will say], "Our Lord, remove from us the torment; indeed, we are believers

  13. أَنَّىٰ لَهُمُ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰ وَقَدۡ جَآءَهُمۡ رَسُولࣱ مُّبِينࣱ ۝١٣

    44:13How will there be for them a reminder [at that time]? And there had come to them a clear Messenger

  14. ثُمَّ تَوَلَّوۡاْ عَنۡهُ وَقَالُواْ مُعَلَّمࣱ مَّجۡنُونٌ ۝١٤

    44:14Then they turned away from him and said, "[He was] taught [and is] a madman

  15. إِنَّا كَاشِفُواْ ٱلۡعَذَابِ قَلِيلًاۚ إِنَّكُمۡ عَآئِدُونَ ۝١٥

    44:15Indeed, We will remove the torment for a little. Indeed, you [disbelievers] will return [to disbelief]

  16. يَوۡمَ نَبۡطِشُ ٱلۡبَطۡشَةَ ٱلۡكُبۡرَىٰٓ إِنَّا مُنتَقِمُونَ ۝١٦

    44:16The Day We will strike with the greatest assault, indeed, We will take retribution

  17. ۞وَلَقَدۡ فَتَنَّا قَبۡلَهُمۡ قَوۡمَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَجَآءَهُمۡ رَسُولࣱ كَرِيمٌ ۝١٧

    44:17And We had already tried before them the people of Pharaoh, and there came to them a noble messenger

  18. أَنۡ أَدُّوٓاْ إِلَيَّ عِبَادَ ٱللَّهِۖ إِنِّي لَكُمۡ رَسُولٌ أَمِينࣱ ۝١٨

    44:18[Saying], "Render to me the servants of Allah. Indeed, I am to you a trustworthy messenger

  19. وَأَن لَّا تَعۡلُواْ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۖ إِنِّيٓ ءَاتِيكُم بِسُلۡطَٰنࣲ مُّبِينࣲ ۝١٩

    44:19And [saying], "Be not haughty with Allah. Indeed, I have come to you with clear authority

  20. وَإِنِّي عُذۡتُ بِرَبِّي وَرَبِّكُمۡ أَن تَرۡجُمُونِ ۝٢٠

    44:20And indeed, I have sought refuge in my Lord and your Lord, lest you stone me

  21. وَإِن لَّمۡ تُؤۡمِنُواْ لِي فَٱعۡتَزِلُونِ ۝٢١

    44:21But if you do not believe me, then leave me alone

  22. فَدَعَا رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنَّ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ قَوۡمࣱ مُّجۡرِمُونَ ۝٢٢

    44:22And [finally] he called to his Lord that these were a criminal people

  23. فَأَسۡرِ بِعِبَادِي لَيۡلًا إِنَّكُم مُّتَّبَعُونَ ۝٢٣

    44:23[Allah said], "Then set out with My servants by night. Indeed, you are to be pursued

  24. وَٱتۡرُكِ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ رَهۡوًاۖ إِنَّهُمۡ جُندࣱ مُّغۡرَقُونَ ۝٢٤

    44:24And leave the sea in stillness. Indeed, they are an army to be drowned

  25. كَمۡ تَرَكُواْ مِن جَنَّـٰتࣲ وَعُيُونࣲ ۝٢٥

    44:25How much they left behind of gardens and springs

  26. وَزُرُوعࣲ وَمَقَامࣲ كَرِيمࣲ ۝٢٦

    44:26And crops and noble sites

  27. وَنَعۡمَةࣲ كَانُواْ فِيهَا فَٰكِهِينَ ۝٢٧

    44:27And comfort wherein they were amused

  28. كَذَٰلِكَۖ وَأَوۡرَثۡنَٰهَا قَوۡمًا ءَاخَرِينَ ۝٢٨

    44:28Thus. And We caused to inherit it another people

  29. فَمَا بَكَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ وَٱلۡأَرۡضُ وَمَا كَانُواْ مُنظَرِينَ ۝٢٩

    44:29And the heaven and earth wept not for them, nor were they reprieved

  30. وَلَقَدۡ نَجَّيۡنَا بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَـٰٓءِيلَ مِنَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ ٱلۡمُهِينِ ۝٣٠

    44:30And We certainly saved the Children of Israel from the humiliating torment

  31. مِن فِرۡعَوۡنَۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ عَالِيࣰا مِّنَ ٱلۡمُسۡرِفِينَ ۝٣١

    44:31From Pharaoh. Indeed, he was a haughty one among the transgressors

  32. وَلَقَدِ ٱخۡتَرۡنَٰهُمۡ عَلَىٰ عِلۡمٍ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ۝٣٢

    44:32And We certainly chose them by knowledge over [all] the worlds

  33. وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ مَا فِيهِ بَلَـٰٓؤࣱاْ مُّبِينٌ ۝٣٣

    44:33And We gave them of signs that in which there was a clear trial

  34. إِنَّ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ لَيَقُولُونَ ۝٣٤

    44:34Indeed, these [disbelievers] are saying

  35. إِنۡ هِيَ إِلَّا مَوۡتَتُنَا ٱلۡأُولَىٰ وَمَا نَحۡنُ بِمُنشَرِينَ ۝٣٥

    44:35There is not but our first death, and we will not be resurrected

  36. فَأۡتُواْ بِـَٔابَآئِنَآ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ۝٣٦

    44:36Then bring [back] our forefathers, if you should be truthful

  37. أَهُمۡ خَيۡرٌ أَمۡ قَوۡمُ تُبَّعࣲ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَٰهُمۡۚ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ مُجۡرِمِينَ ۝٣٧

    44:37Are they better or the people of Tubba' and those before them? We destroyed them, [for] indeed, they were criminals

  38. وَمَا خَلَقۡنَا ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا لَٰعِبِينَ ۝٣٨

    44:38And We did not create the heavens and earth and that between them in play

  39. مَا خَلَقۡنَٰهُمَآ إِلَّا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ۝٣٩

    44:39We did not create them except in truth, but most of them do not know

  40. إِنَّ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡفَصۡلِ مِيقَٰتُهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ۝٤٠

    44:40Indeed, the Day of Judgement is the appointed time for them all

  41. يَوۡمَ لَا يُغۡنِي مَوۡلًى عَن مَّوۡلࣰى شَيۡـࣰٔا وَلَا هُمۡ يُنصَرُونَ ۝٤١

    44:41The Day when no relation will avail a relation at all, nor will they be helped

  42. إِلَّا مَن رَّحِمَ ٱللَّهُۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ۝٤٢

    44:42Except those [believers] on whom Allah has mercy. Indeed, He is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful

  43. إِنَّ شَجَرَتَ ٱلزَّقُّومِ ۝٤٣

    44:43Indeed, the tree of zaqqum

  44. طَعَامُ ٱلۡأَثِيمِ ۝٤٤

    44:44Is food for the sinful

  45. كَٱلۡمُهۡلِ يَغۡلِي فِي ٱلۡبُطُونِ ۝٤٥

    44:45Like murky oil, it boils within bellies

  46. كَغَلۡيِ ٱلۡحَمِيمِ ۝٤٦

    44:46Like the boiling of scalding water

  47. خُذُوهُ فَٱعۡتِلُوهُ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ ۝٤٧

    44:47[It will be commanded], "Seize him and drag him into the midst of the Hellfire

  48. ثُمَّ صُبُّواْ فَوۡقَ رَأۡسِهِۦ مِنۡ عَذَابِ ٱلۡحَمِيمِ ۝٤٨

    44:48Then pour over his head from the torment of scalding water

  49. ذُقۡ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡكَرِيمُ ۝٤٩

    44:49[It will be said], "Taste! Indeed, you are the honored, the noble

  50. إِنَّ هَٰذَا مَا كُنتُم بِهِۦ تَمۡتَرُونَ ۝٥٠

    44:50Indeed, this is what you used to dispute

  51. إِنَّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ فِي مَقَامٍ أَمِينࣲ ۝٥١

    44:51Indeed, the righteous will be in a secure place

  52. فِي جَنَّـٰتࣲ وَعُيُونࣲ ۝٥٢

    44:52Within gardens and springs

  53. يَلۡبَسُونَ مِن سُندُسࣲ وَإِسۡتَبۡرَقࣲ مُّتَقَٰبِلِينَ ۝٥٣

    44:53Wearing [garments of] fine silk and brocade, facing each other

  54. كَذَٰلِكَ وَزَوَّجۡنَٰهُم بِحُورٍ عِينࣲ ۝٥٤

    44:54Thus. And We will marry them to fair women with large, [beautiful] eyes

  55. يَدۡعُونَ فِيهَا بِكُلِّ فَٰكِهَةٍ ءَامِنِينَ ۝٥٥

    44:55They will call therein for every [kind of] fruit - safe and secure

  56. لَا يَذُوقُونَ فِيهَا ٱلۡمَوۡتَ إِلَّا ٱلۡمَوۡتَةَ ٱلۡأُولَىٰۖ وَوَقَىٰهُمۡ عَذَابَ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ ۝٥٦

    44:56They will not taste death therein except the first death, and He will have protected them from the punishment of Hellfire

  57. فَضۡلࣰا مِّن رَّبِّكَۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ ۝٥٧

    44:57As bounty from your Lord. That is what is the great attainment

  58. فَإِنَّمَا يَسَّرۡنَٰهُ بِلِسَانِكَ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ ۝٥٨

    44:58And indeed, We have eased the Qur'an in your tongue that they might be reminded

  59. فَٱرۡتَقِبۡ إِنَّهُم مُّرۡتَقِبُونَ ۝٥٩

    44:59So watch, [O Muhammad]; indeed, they are watching [for your end]